Effect of mass asymmetry on the mass dependence of balance energy

We demonstrate the role of the mass asymmetry on the balance energy (Ebal) by studying asymmetric reactions throughout the periodic table and over entire colliding geometry. Our results, which are almost independent of the system size and as well as of the colliding geometries indicate a sizeable effect of the asymmetry of the reaction on the balance energy.Comment: Journal of Physics - Conference Series - Online end of March (2011

Off-diagonal magnetoimpedance in field-annealed Co-based amorphous ribbons

The off-diagonal magnetoimpedance in field-annealed CoFeSiB amorphous ribbons was measured in the low-frequency range using a pick-up coil wound around the sample. The asymmetric two-peak behavior of the field dependence of the off-diagonal impedance was observed. The asymmetry is attributed to the formation of a hard magnetic crystalline phase at the ribbon surface. The experimental results are interpreted in terms of the surface impedance tensor. It is assumed that the ribbon consists of an inner amorphous region and surface crystalline layers. The coupling between the crystalline and amorphous phases is described through an effective bias field. A qualitative agreement between the calculated dependences and experimental data is demonstrated. The results obtained may be useful for development of weak magnetic-field sensors.Comment: 19 pages, 6 figure

Exercise training-induced PPARβ increases PGC-1α protein stability and improves insulin-induced glucose uptake in rodent muscles

This study aimed to investigate the long-term effects of training intervention and resting on protein expression and stability of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β/δ (PPARβ), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-α (PGC1α), glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4), and mitochondrial proteins, and determine whether glucose homeostasis can be regulated through stable expression of these proteins after training. Rats swam daily for 3, 6, 9, 14, or 28 days, and then allowed to rest for 5 days post-training. Protein and mRNA levels were measured in the skeletal muscles of these rats. PPARβ was overexpressed and knocked down in myotubes in the skeletal muscle to investigate the effects of swimming training on various signaling cascades of PGC-1α transcription, insulin signaling, and glucose uptake. Exercise training (Ext) upregulated PPARβ, PGC-1α, GLUT4, and mitochondrial enzymes, including NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (NUO), cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COX1), citrate synthase (CS), and cytochrome c (Cyto C) in a time-dependent manner and promoted the protein stability of PPARβ, PGC-1α, GLUT4, NUO, CS, and Cyto C, such that they were significantly upregulated 5 days after training cessation. PPARβ overexpression increased the PGC-1α protein levels post-translation and improved insulin-induced signaling responsiveness and glucose uptake. The present results indicate that Ext promotes the protein stability of key mitochondria enzymes GLUT4, PGC-1α, and PPARβ even after Ext cessation

On line, Real-Time Densimeter-Theory and Optimization

The speed of a torsional stress wave transmitted in a solid waveguide, that has a non-circular cross-section and is submerged in a liquid, is inversely proportional to the density of the liquid. Thus, by measuring the speed of the torsional stress wave, one can obtain information about the liquid\u27s density or density-related characteristics such as liquid level and the mass composition of bi-phase mixtures. A predictive theory is developed to correlate the speed of the wave with the liquid\u27s density and the shape of the waveguide\u27s cross-section. The theory is used to optimize the waveguide\u27s geometry so as to increase the sensor\u27s sensitivity. The theoretical results are compared and found to favorably agree with experimental observations

Instrument for Simultaneous Measurement of Density and Viscosity

The speed of torsional stress waves transmitted in solid waveguides submerged in a liquid depends, among other things, on the liquid\u27s density and viscosity and the waveguides\u27 cross-sectional geometry. By measuring the speed of torsional stress waves in two waveguides of different cross-sectional geometries, one can obtain both the liquid\u27s density and viscosity. An online, real-time sensor for the simultaneous measurement of density and viscosity is described. The article details the sensor\u27s principles of operation and reports experimental results conducted using viscosity standard calibration liquids with wen-known thermophysical properties. For fluids with density ρf \u3e 1 X 103 kg/m3 , it is estimated that the instrument can measure density with a precision better than 0.5%. For fluids with the product shear viscosity (µ) and density, ρfµ\u3e 100 kg2/(m4s), it can measure the shear viscosity with a precision better than 1%